The Walt Disney Company Analysis - 873 Words

â€Å"The Walt Disney Company is a leading diversified international family entertainment and media enterprise with five business segments: media networks, parks and resorts, studio entertainment, consumer products and interactive media.† (The walt disney, n.d.) At year end of 2013, the company had net revenues of $45 billion, up from $42.3 billion the previous year and net income of $6.1 billion, up from $5.7 billion the previous year. (Walt disney co, 2014) Enterprise Risk Management Risk management is a way for firms to grow and create value. Enterprise risk management programs give organizations the tools they need to make quicker decisions with confidence. Steven Hunt, vice president of research at Forrester Research states,†¦show more content†¦(Gusman, 2008) An example of cost savings for Disney was at the Walt Disney World Resort in Florida. After implementing their multifaceted loss control and safety program, the OSHA frequency rate fell 60.3 percent from 2002 to 2007. (Gusman, 2008) During this same time period, the lost-time frequency rate fell nearly in half. (Gusman, 2008) Work related injuries are inevitable, but Disney has programs in place to get employees back to work as soon as possible. They focus on helping employees to stay employed during their recovery process by helping to minimize their time away from work. They believe â€Å"it is not only important to know limitations, but it is also essential to know what the injured worker can do.† (Gusman, 2008) Park Safety Another way Disney manages risk is by implementing safety programs at their parks for customers. Visitors to Disney parks receive safety-themed literature filled with Disney characters. (Bradford, 2005) Parks also have safety trading cards that customers can collect, as well as activity books for children with safety reminders. Disney understands that in order to get their message across they have to be creative. Children will not normally read a safety manual, but they will enjoy an activity book that has safety messages in it. Another safety feature in theirShow MoreRelatedAnalysis of the Walt Disney Company5222 Words   |  21 PagesAnalysis of the Walt Disney Company Tarleton State University – Central Texas October 17, 2005 A Research Report Submitted in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for MGMT 5073.301 Responsibilities and Ethics of Leadership Executive Summary Analysis of the Walt Disney Company – Case Outline Situation Analysis Introduction: The Walt Disney Company is on the threshold of a new era. Michael Eisner has stepped down from his position as CEO and turned over the reigns to Robert Iger. A lot of turmoilRead MoreAnalysis Of Walt Disney s The Disney Company1126 Words   |  5 PagesThe Walt Disney Company Walt and Roy Disney founded the Walt Disney Company on October 16 of 1923, as the Disney Brothers Cartoon Studio. 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THIS CONTENT IS A LICENSED PRODUCT AND IS NOT TO BE PHOTOCOPIED OR DISTRIBUTED. The Walt Disney Company TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS Company Overview..............................................................................................3 Key Facts...........................................................Read MoreThe Walt Disney Company: a Financial and Organizational Analysis3139 Words   |  13 PagesThe Walt Disney Company: A Financial and Organizational Analysis Authors: Cliff Anderson, John Morris, Jacob Lawrentz, And Donna Munsey Financial Environments of Organizations, MOL 503, MMOL 1-11 Professor: Kari Day Warner Pacific College September 10th, 2009 The Walt Disney Company: A Financial and Organizational Analysis The Organizational History of Disney Before WWII In 1939, the Valley Progress newspaper (History, p. 3) announced that San Fernando Valley in southern CaliforniaRead MoreEssay on Walt Disney Company Analysis1652 Words   |  7 PagesWalt Disney is extremely known for being a film producer and popular showman. 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It does not count about profit but working capital, which is important to ability of paying its short-term debt of the business. Current Ratio analysis Current Ratio is used by business to compare its current liability with current assets. Preferable current ratio is advised to

Legal, Political, Ethical Dimension Midtrm Essay - 3931 Words

Legal, Political, Ethical Dimension - Week 5 Midterm 1. Question : TCO B. After the 2010 fall election, the Democratic National Committee (DNC) decides to take matters into its own hands. During the lame duck session, they pass a new Elections Are Free Act that requires single people who make more than $75,000/year or married couples who make more than $150,000/year to provide a copy of their tax return to their local county officials before being allowed to register to vote. The return must prove that they have paid at least 15% of their total income in taxes or they are not allowed to register to vote. List two bases under which someone impacted by this law could argue to have the law overturned. Student Answer: 1) For this†¦show more content†¦1979). Points Received: 15 of 15 Comments: Perfect score yet again! 3. Question : (TCO C) Bud Johnson owns a General Motors dealership in Pierre, South Dakota. At the request and expense of General Motors, Bud traveled to Phoenix, Arizona, for purposes of the demonstration of a new vehicle called the Roughrider, designed to compete against the current offering of SUVs. Bud went to the proving grounds in the desert around Phoenix and spent a day watching the vehicle demonstrations. Bud and other dealers drove the vehicles, and much dust resulted from their driving. A few weeks later, Bud became ill with flu-like symptoms. He was finally diagnosed as having coccidioidomycosis or valley fever. Valley fever is a disease well known to Arizona residents, and most have had it if they have lived there over 10 years. Newcomers are particularly vulnerable to the disease because the exposure to dust seems to build up immunity among the residents. Bud became quite ill and brought suit against the car manufacturer that invited him for its failure to warn him about the valley fever phenomenon before he came out to the testing grounds. Answer the following questions, and use cases and theories from the text to support your arguments: Was there negligence in the failure of General Motors to warn Bud? (15 points) Discuss all defenses General Motors may have. (15 points) Does strict liability in torts apply to this situation? Why or why

Are Ceos Overpaid Essay Example For Students

Are Ceos Overpaid? Essay â€Å"The answer to the question of whether American CEOs are overpaid is clearly yes; for those who earn large bonuses and generous stock options when their companies are doing badly, either absolutely or relative to competitors. As mentioned in an article written by Gary Beckner and Richard Posner. This research paper will discuss in details the facts that have been research as to why CEOs are being overpaid. It will discuss the pros and cons of the CEOs salary and compensation and how employees should share part of the profits accordingly. In the business world of today, ones pay should reflect the amount of work he or she has done. This rule should apply to all individuals in the workforce including CEOs. However, it is well recognized that there have been doubts on whether some high placed CEOs are being overpaid. A Chief Executive Officer is not supposed to obtain an unusually high salary if his or her company were to file for bankruptcy. According to an online article written by Michael Winter, the Financial Times newspaper stated that CEOs themselves claim that they are being overpaid. He also states that, The issue is particularly sensitive because the gap between rich and poor in America has reached its widest point in more than 60 years. These results came from a survey that was conducted on the major U. S. business leaders. There has to be a boundary because it is morally and financially incorrect for any corporation or company to continue to operate in such a fashion. These unfair procedures sometimes lead to economic instability or employee strikes. Top CEOs are partly responsible for the welfare of the nations economy. If these CEOs lead their companies to financial distress, then their shareholders will have to suffer due to the loss of money they have invested. According to F. John Reh ( a writer on About. com), In the 1980s CEOs of large companies made about 42 times what the average employee would make in an hour. He also states that in the year 2000 their salaries escalated to a startling 531 times what the average employee made hourly. It is quite reasonable to suppose that CEOs would understand the value of the Dollar considering the fact that they might have had to work their way up to their current position in the company. It is sad to see our financial leaders reaping the benefits of other peoples hard work. The world population is dramatically increasing and so is the value of money. It is essential for companies to start realizing that corporate competition is intensifying and that everyone should work for every dollar they make. Economic equality has to be established for the benefit of the society as a whole. Many CEOs do not earn their money. Some CEOs believe that the value of their company is due to their own talent, and that they should not be appreciated. Down through the years, executives have tried to use the financial success of their company as the base of their compensation. The CEOs compensation package has nothing to do with his/her future performance and the CEO may not make that much of a difference on whether the company is a success or failure. At this point in time, many companies are facing bankruptcy and other companies are losing thousands of dollars on a daily basis. With this said, it is not fair for CEOs to get paid what they use to when the company was standing strong and wealthy. Unless the CEO is actually taking actions to thrive the company to success, they should not receive a large salary. The companies profit should be divided and contribute to the CEOs and/or employees who are help, care and give a lot the company. REFERENCE: 1. ) Winter, Michael. CEOs Say Theyre Overpaid (Seriously), October 15, 2007, Retrieved on April 7, 2008 from http://www. huffingtonpost. com/2007/10/15/ceos-say-theyre-overpaid_n_68573. html 2. ) Reh, F. John. CEOs Are Overpaid, 2008, retrieved on April 6 2008 from http://management. about. com/cs/generalmanagement/a/CEOsOverpaid. htm 1. Cote, Marcel Nov 2007 CA Magizine Vol. 140 Issue 9, p80-80, 1p-Retrieved on March 21, 2008 from http://search. ebscohost. com/login. aspx? direct=true=bah=27434188=ehost-live 3. ) Tobak, Steve. September 12, 2007, â€Å"Are technology CEOs overpaid? † Retrieved on March 26, 2008 from http://www. news. com/8301-10784_3-9776770-7. html 4. ) Brush, Michael (2008). While pensions fall short, CE Os fly high. Retrieved March 27, 2008 from http://moneycentral. msn. com/content/P119362. asp 5. ) Bush, M. : The 5 most outrageously overpaid CEOs. Retrieved on March 25, 2008 from Moneycentral. msn. com

Suicide And Relativity Essays - Suffering, , Term Papers

Suicide And Relativity Suicide and its relativity to Stephen King's Suffer the Little Children Suicide is defined as an intentional, self-inflicted death that occurs in all cultures and usually is executed by people who are suffering from some sort of extreme emotional pain and feel unable to cope with their problems (Shneidman 6). Suicide is seen in our culture to be something that happens to only the"crazy" people. But the reality is that normal, everyday people commit suicide as well. Since suicidology is a fairly new field of scientific study there is still much to learn about it. Some theories and other scientific information have been discovered and are very interesting. In Stephen King's Suffer the Little Children a teacher suffers from fear, anxiety, defeat, and delusional attributes and the end result was twelve students murdered the suicide of herself. These symptoms of suicide are explained later in the research paper. Suicide began being studied scientifically a little over one century ago by a man named Emile Durkheim. But the specialized study of the causes associated with suicide and suicidal behaviors, as well the assessment, treatment, management, and prevention of such behaviors, has only been recorded in the last half of this century (Maris 1). Why do humans kill themselves? Each day people go out into the workplace, school, or some sort of other activity and experience the threat of failure; what degree that possible threat my affect is a whole different story. We all know that life is sometimes enjoyable, usually routine, and almost always difficult. We experience happiness and joy along with contentment and love. Much of our life is also taken up by the routine, everyday, and emotionally neutral actions of life. Then on the flip side there are the negative emotions that we feel like sorrow, shame, humiliation, fear, dread, defeat, and anxiety. When we digest these negative emotions psychological anguish and disturbance can be the result (Meyer 23-24). Regrettably, some people live in a state of constant disturbance. This disturbance is sometimes caused by physical pain, but usually psychological pain. The teacher (Miss Sidley) in Suffer the Little Children seems to have taught for a long time and is very strict. I believe she got burned out teaching and was waiting for someone to violate her, but nobody ever did. So to compensate she imagined that the students were one by one becoming evil starting with one particular boy named Robert. After class one day she stood in her classroom thinking, "What was it I saw when he changed? Something bulbous. Something that shimmered. Something that stared at me, yes, stared and grinned and wasn't a child at all. It was old and it was evil and..."(Meyer 538). This delusion that was just taken out of the story is due to psychological pain. Psychological pain is the main contributor of suicide. Psychological pain is not the same as bodily or physical pain. It is how you feel as a person; how you feel in your mind. It refers to how much you hurt as a human being. It is mental suffering; mental torment. Suicide is never the end result of joy or contentment. Pain by its very nature makes us want to stop whatever action we are doing or escape from it (Lester 34-37). When a person is likely to take his or her own life in the near feature it is called lethality (suicidality). When dealing with a highly suicidal individual, it is not useful to directly address the lethality of their particular situation (Shneidman 31). The effective way to counsel a suicidal person is to approach them with the question of why they are in this situation and what mental thoughts led them into the state of killing themselves. You basically try to do anything to lessen the person's lethal thoughts. Perturbation is also a key factor in lethality. This is felt pain. Alone, mental anguish is not lethal, but mixed with perturbation makes a deadly formula for self-inflicted death. Perturbation supplies the motivation for suicide and lethality is the terminal trigger. (Shneidman 32-33). Miss Sidley finally had to find a way to deal with felt pain that she was feeling and she did so in this quote, "That night Miss Sidley cut her throat with a piece of broken mirror-glass," (Meyer 543). She finally mixed the mental anguish with her felt pain and ended up with a deadly formula. As mentioned in the previous paragraph, a small number of suicides are caused by physical pain. Physical pain differs from psychological pain

Holes - Book Report essays

Holes - Book Report essays Holes, written by the excellent author, Louis Sachar, is an adventure and mystery book with a humorous touch. The story takes place mainly at the hot and humid Camp Green Lake, a juvenile detention facility where there is no lake, and no happy campers. In place of what used to be "the largest lake in Texas" is now a dry, flat, sunburned wasteland. It hasnt rained there for over a hundred years. The only living plants there were two large trees and a hammock stretched out between the trees. Of course, no one was allowed to lay on it except for the Warden or else theyd get in a lot of trouble. A log cabin was behind the trees and thats where the Warden spent most of her time. Camp Green Lake was pocked with countless identical holes dug by boys to improve their character, or at least thats the reigning philosophy at Camp Green Lake. The story takes place in the present time but contains flashbacks of over one hundred years ago to explain how the whole plot started. There were five larg e tents at the camp. A, B, C, D, and E were for the campers and tent F was where the counselors slept. Stanley was assigned to D tent. The three most important characters in this book are Stanley Yelnats a.k.a Caveman, Hector Zeroni a.k.a. Zero, and Linda Miller, the warden at Camp Green Lake. Stanley Yelnats (notice the palindrome) IV, an overweight teenage boy is the main character. He was falsely accused of stealing Clyde Sweet Feet Livingstons shoes. Clyde Livingston was a famous baseball player. He had donated his shoes to an auction and the profit, estimated at $5,000, was going to be given to the homeless shelter. Stanley was just at the wrong place at the wrong time. He had missed the school bus home that day because he had to fish his notebook out of the toilet because a bully, Derrick Dunne dropped it in there. He was walking home when the shoes came down from the sky and hit him on the hea...

35 Fossil Words

35 Fossil Words 35 Fossil Words 35 Fossil Words By Mark Nichol Some of the most intriguing words in the English language are what linguists call fossil words, so named because they are artifacts from another era and survive only in isolated usage. Here is a list of some of our language’s fossil words with definitions and the idiomatic phrases in which they appear: 1. Ado: bother over unimportant details (â€Å"without further ado† or, more rarely, â€Å"much ado about nothing†) 2. Amok (or amuck): in an uncontrolled manner (â€Å"run amok†) 3. Bandy: hit, pass, or toss around, or discuss lightly or employ off-handedly (â€Å"bandy about†); bowed (â€Å"bandy-legged†) 4. Bated: restrained or deducted (â€Å"wait with bated breath†) 5. Batten: lumber for flooring or for sealing or strengthening a joint or a flexible object such as a sail (â€Å"board and batten†); to provide or fasten with battens, or to fasten (â€Å"batten down the hatches†) 6. Beck: summons (â€Å"at (one’s) beck and call†) 7. Bygones: what has passed or is in the past (â€Å"let bygones be bygones†) 8. Craw: stomach or crop (â€Å"sticks in (one’s) craw†) 9. Deserts: excellence or worth, or what is deserved or merited (â€Å"just deserts†) 10. Dint: force or power (â€Å"by (sheer) dint of†) 11. Dudgeon: indignation (â€Å"high dudgeon†) 12. Eke: accomplish or get with difficulty (â€Å"eke out†) 13. Fettle: state of health or fitness (â€Å"in fine fettle†) 14. Fro: away or back (â€Å"to and fro†) 15. Hale: sound or very healthy (â€Å"hale and hearty†) 16. Hither: near or adjacent, or to this place (â€Å"hither and yon†) 17. Immemorial: before memory or tradition (â€Å"time immemorial†) 18. Jetsam: what is cast overboard from a ship (â€Å"flotsam and jetsam†) distinguished from flotsam, a word denoting what floats from the wreckage of a ship (that term is used elsewhere than in the phrase â€Å"flotsam and jetsam† and so is not listed separately here) 19. Ken: range of knowledge, perception, or understanding, or view or range of vision (â€Å"beyond (one’s) ken†) 20. Kith: friends, neighbors, or relatives (â€Å"kith and kin†) 21. Loggerhead: blockhead (â€Å"at loggerheads,† meaning blocked, or stalled, by stubbornness); also, a type of turtle 22. Mettle: quality, or vigor or strength of, temperament (â€Å"test (one’s) mettle†) 23. Neap: a weak tide (â€Å"neap tide†) 24. Offing: the near future (â€Å"in the offing†); also, the deep ocean as seen from the shore 25. Petard: a container of explosives for breaching or breaking a barrier (â€Å"hoist by (one’s) petard†) 26. Shebang: everything that is pertinent (â€Å"the whole shebang†) 27. Shrift: confession (â€Å"short shrift,† with the idea that a condemned person is given little time to confess sins) 28. Sleight: stratagem, dexterity (â€Å"sleight of hand†) 29. Thither: more remote, or to that place (â€Å"hither and thither†) 30. Turpitude: depravity (â€Å"moral turpitude†) 31. Ulterior: beyond what is openly expressed (â€Å"ulterior motive†); also, farther, or more distant, or what is on the farther side 32. Vim: robustness (â€Å"vim and vigor†) 33. Wreak: bring about or cause (â€Å"wreak havoc†) 34. Wrought: manufactured, ornamented, or shaped, or excited (â€Å"wrought iron†) 35. Yore: the far past (â€Å"days of yore†) Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Vocabulary category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:50 Idioms About Legs, Feet, and Toes15 Types of DocumentsConversational Email

Tech Tierra Forecasting Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Tech Tierra Forecasting - Case Study Example Nevertheless, in the year 2012, Jose Mendes carried out exceptional job that pertained to forecasting on the sales for the previous numerous years and decided to leave Tech Tierra to identical company located within California. Thus, Ms. Granger employed me to carry out 12 months forecast that commenced September 2013 through to the August 2014 with $50,000 as the payment. Moreover, I was to be paid extra $ 50,000 bonus in case the forecast was precise by 10%. I gathered all the suitable sales data ranging from 2005 to the year 2011 then design appropriate report possessing numerous statistical values to aid in examining and determining the underlying forecast that I would develop. The main statistical values that I would be employing include: Within the midst of the Tech Tierra financial year that commences from February of the first year to corresponding January of subsequent year, the report mainly forecast on the sale of the next 12 months commencing on September 2013 to the August 2014. Because Jose Mendes had decided to leave the company and never plan to carry out sales prediction for the outstanding and the forthcoming 12 months, Millie Granger, who is the CEO, is stranded since she does not comprehend the prediction of the upcoming 12 months prediction. Subsequent to gathering of the data, analysis was generated, which was adequately massive in sample size hence enabling determination of numerous statistical values and their corresponding roles within the prediction. For appropriate assessment of the distribution of the underlying sales, we utilized the stat tools, single variable summary and time series as depicted within the Graph 1 and Table 1. The prevailing time series plot depitct stable upward trend within the slaes. Moreover, it also depicts existence of robust seasonal variations. The plot also depict that the prevailing variation escalates with time. A suitable time series model homogenity

DESIGNING AND PREPARING TO IMPLEMENT AN EVALUATION Research Paper

DESIGNING AND PREPARING TO IMPLEMENT AN EVALUATION - Research Paper Example For this reason, there is need to evaluate the use of Vermont Immunization Registry and incorporate it into a family medical center. Rationale Center for Disease Control argues that the recent increase in immunization of children has led to the increase in diseases like Polio, Measles, and Pneumonia, because there is no good database that is able to record all the vaccines that a child has been given. For this reason, CDC decided that Vermont Immunization Registry be evaluated to determine its strengths and weaknesses. Immunization has been identified as a cost effective and beneficial means through which new infections are eradiated or reduced. This project entails the creation of a computerized system through which immunization records can be safely kept and maintained. It is for this reason that the Vermont Immunization Registry (IMR) was implemented into the Family Medical Center. The registry was to promote quality and efficient treatment for the patients and to ensure that all immunizations are done on time and proper records kept. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2004) immunization has succeeded in eradicating diseases such as smallpox, measles, poliomyelitis, and rubella worldwide (Meri, Jordens, & Jarva, 2008). A computerized system for maintaining records of immunization is needed. The system should track the immunization dates, printed school, and parent reports. It is essential in guiding and timing the appropriate time for administration of vaccines. Health care providers for the past two years have scattered the medical record papers. Parents, therefore, find themselves looking for their immunization records. This has helped in saving many by ensuring that the right vaccine is administered to the children (Maciosek et al., 2006). Statement of the Problem Most of the parents struggle with vaccination procedures and dates. The research provides ways of training parents on how to access their vaccination data through the compu ter at any time. Most of the nurses, doctors, and family members are also facing a challenge in utilizing this program hence the need for evaluation Purpose of Evaluation It is important for health services, doctors, and patients to access their vaccination information at any time. This report shows the efficiency and advantages of accessing this information. This study will evaluate the effectiveness of Solution Criteria To be able to access vaccination data at any place all over the world Proposed Task Statement The problem can be solved by installing a computer guide on how to correctly input the data. Allocation of resources by the management also needs to be revised. Stakeholders Primary CDC- they are the reference point and ensure they support fully the evaluation program. They are also responsible for the evaluation program. Financial Committee- The director of finance must ensure allocation of funds for the evaluation program for all the hospitals within US. Secondary Stakeh olders Supervisors-Supervisors will be in charge of ensuring that there is proper training of the medical staff and ensure full participation of all those involved. Volunteers Staff and Parents Volunteer’s staff and parents will be responsible for taking part in the training program to ensure there is full evaluation of the Vermont Immunization Registry for the future. Tertiary Stakeholders Investors-this will include the private and public investors who are aiming at supplying the computer machines and upgrade programs. Key Evaluation Questions The evaluation of this training program will aim to answer the following questions: 1. What do the volunteers, staff, supervisors, and upper level management think about the current training program? 2. What are those that partake in the training learning as a result of

European Court of Justice Essay Example for Free

European Court of Justice Essay The European Union (EU) is a celebrated alliance of Nations that runs from the United Kingdom and Portugal in the West to Turkey in the East. The EU has made travel and trade much easier between its member states. With few exceptions this Union now shares a common currency known as the Euro. After close to a decade of existence the Euro is now stronger than the U. S. Dollar. This economic powerhouse is energized by free trade between its members a free trade marked by cooperation rather than competition. Today, the average French Citizen has access to Limburger, Swiss and Italian Cheeses at ever cheaper prices. The EU can legitimately boast that it has all but eliminated tariffs between native states. Unfortunately, this Union is not without its faults. There are occasions when selfish national interest subvert the good of the Union. After all, despite the good will and benefits that nations gain from free trade, parochial interests can still sometimes over come the common good. In such cases the European Court of Justice may be forced to intervene. For example, In Commission v.  Italy Italian customs charges were struck down because any pecuniary charge, however small, imposed on goods by reason of the fact that they cross a frontier constitutes an obstacle to the movement of such goods. † Commission vs. Italy is not an isolated case, it is safe to say that â€Å"In developing the rules of the internal market, the European Court of Justice has maintained a careful balance between the de-regulation imperative of the Treaty, as interpreted by the Court, on the one hand, and legitimate Member State interests and the reality of regulatory diversity, on the other. The Court’s perception of the place of both civil and political rights and social rights within the internal market changes in accordance with how this balance falls. † The European Court of Justice (ECJ), also known as the Court of Justice of the European Communities is the highest court of the European Union. The court is similar to a national Supreme Court. It strives, interpret the EU laws to ensure equal application across the various European Union member states The European Court of Justice is based in Luxembourg City and was established in 1952. It is one of the few European Union institutions that is not based in Brussels. There is one judge for every member state although only thirteen can be present to hear a case at any given time. The ECJ has jurisdiction over all matter of European Community law, but can not intervene with respect to national law. Every nation has its respective national legal system which the Union must respect. However, the ECJ ensures that EU level legislation is interpreted and applied in equal manner across the whole of the EU. This prevents national Supreme Courts from interpreting the same legislation differently. The Courts decisions are binding. For instance, a state that fails to implement a directive or a Commission that acts outside its delegated power has to answer to the ECJ. The Court also has jurisdiction over cases involving disputes between states, institutions, businesses and individuals A full tale of the ECJs jurisdiction includes the insurance that the law is observed in the interpretation and application of the Treaties of the European Union. This application must be uniform across all nations without bias or favoritism, hence the need for a Union-wide arbiter of the law. The court must also see that the provisions are laid down by Community institutions with the proper competence. The Court enjoys a wide latitude to hear various actions. Among other things the court may rule on applications for annulment or actions for failure to act raised by a member state or institution, actions against Member States for failure to fulfill obligations, references for a preliminary ruling and appeals against decision of the Court of First Instance Under Article 226 of the Consolidated Treaty Establishing the European Community (CTEEC), the ECJ may determine if a Member State has fulfilled its obligations under Community Law. A preliminary hearing will allow the erring Member State to reply to the complaint. If the hearing does not result in termination of the claim of failure by the Member State an action for breach of Community law may be brought before the European Court of Justice. Such an action is ordinarily brought to the court by a Member State by another Member State. If the court finds that the claimed obligation has not been fulfilled the erring Member State must terminate the breach with due haste. If the breach is not resolved within a reasonable time period upon the Request of the Commission, the European Court of Justice may impose a fixed or periodic financial penalty. In addition the court may also act on Actions for Annulment, Actions for failure to act, Applications for compensation based on non-contractual liability. The court can also rule of review on point of the law. The ECJ is the final arbiter with respect to the interpretation and application of community law. The Court of First Instance, deals with most cases before they are elevated to the ECJ. However, these two bodies are not the only judicial body tasked with interpreting the application of Community Law. The true court of first instance is actually the national courts. The national courts retain jurisdiction to review the administrative implementation of Community law. , for which the authorities of the Member State are responsible. It is because of this role that the National courts are the first guarantors of the Community law. Unfortunately, National courts are beholden to the nations in which they belong. It cannot be helped but for a justice to give his loyalty first to his country and second to the Union. Cynicism aside, there can and there have been occasions were the parochial interest of the state was upheld by the National courts over the fair and equitable application of the EU’s laws. It is in these circumstance that the Court must intervene. In Costa vs ENEL it was established that Community law takes precedence over the member states domestic law. Furthermore, in Simmenthal II the Court held that there is a Duty to set aside provisions of national law which are incompatible with Community Law. Hence, the Court justifies its rulings in favor of Community law over the parochial decisions of National Courts. Despite criticism that at time the court has overstepped its bounds and has interfered with local laws. The powerhouse economy of the EU is made possible by the elimination of Tariff barriers that once plagued the nations. Tariffs historically, made products of one nation less competitive in the market of another nation. For example, all things being equal, a bottle of wine produced in France will cost more than Italian wine in Rome because the French wine had to pay Tariffs. Articles 23 and 25 of the EC prohibit all â€Å"customs duties on imports and exports and of all charges having equivalent effect. This applies between Member States and also applies to customs duties of a fiscal nature. The ECJ has remained steadfast in upholding the Union’s commitment to Free Trade. The ECJ has ruled that ‘Goods’ are â€Å"products which can be valued in money and which are capable, as such of forming the subject of commercial transactions . † Hence, painting, sculptures and even musical recordings are ‘goods’ the establishment of tariff barriers against is disallowed. Even waste is capable of forming the subject of a commercial transaction A criticism against the ECJ is that at times it may overstep its bounds and interfere with the internal workings of a nation. For example, in Diamantarbeiders ; â€Å"A charge having equivalent effect to a customs duty is any pecuniary charge however small and whatever its designation and mode of application which is imposed unilaterally on domestic or foreign goods by reason of the fact that they cross a frontier and which is not a customs duty in the strict sense. This is the case even if it is not imposed for the benefit of the State [and] is not discriminatory or protective in effect, or if the product on which the charge is imposed is not in competition with any domestic product. Also in Bresciani Charges imposed for a public health inspection carried out on the entry of goods to a Member State can be a charge having equivalent effect to a customs duty. It was not important that the charges were proportionate to the costs of the inspection, nor that such inspections were in the public interest . Thus, the ECJ continues to maintain its commitment to free trade and the removal of all barrier to trade between Member States. The efforts of non-compliant Member States to form covert or hidden tariffs is vigilantly watch by the Court in order for it to act swiftly and decisively upon any breech that arises However, Court is not wholly without heart or willingness to render judgment based on its jurisdiction as a court of Justice AND equity. It is not utterly insensitive to the plight of Member States. In commission vs Germany it ruled that; A charge for a service will not be regarded as a customs duty where it: (a) does not exceed the cost of the service, (b) that service is obligatory and applied uniformly for all the goods concerned, (c) the service fulfills obligations prescribed by Community law, and (d) the service promotes the free movement of goods in particular by neutralising obstacles which may arise from unilateral measures of inspection . This decision is of interest because of its Solomonic approach, Germany at that time was suffering a period of economic dislocation and in a nut shell needed to be cut some slack. By allowing charges for a service to be accounted as not a customs duty, it allowed Germany a quantity of income. Strict rules were established to ensure that such allowance is not abused by Germany or any other Member State. However, the European Court of Justice still upheld its commitment to free trade. Art 90 of the EC provides that Member States are prevented from imposing, â€Å"directly or indirectly, on the products of other Member States any internal taxation of any kind in excess of that imposed directly or indirectly on similar domestic products. In Humblot it was held that the prohibition extends to internal taxation of such a nature as to afford indirect protection of product†. This case was an example of how pervasive and at times invasive the European Court of Justice can get in upholding its mandate. The European Court of Justice has a mandate to protect the Community Law. At times it must do so over the heads of Member States who have put parochial interests before the good of the Union. Fortunately, the Court has been granted sufficient mandate and jurisdiction to uphold the its commitment to Free Trade. The Court is at times criticized for being too invasive and interfering even with the internal workings of a Member State. The Court is also lambasted from being overly committed and ignoring the facts of the ground, or the special circumstances which might merit certain exceptions. As was noted in the Germany case, this is not so. Despite its mandate, the Court remains sensitive to the needs of individual nations some of which may require some temporary consideration in order to adjust and eventually be full partners of the European Union.

Classification Essay - Types of Wood -- essays research papers

Wood types differ considerably in properties such as color, density, and hardness, making timber a resource that is valuable in a wide variety of contexts. Each of the samples of commonly used woods shown here has distinctive characteristics. Mahogany is a tropical tree prized for its heavy, strong, easily worked wood. Hickory is a tough, hard wood used for tool handles, furniture, and smoke wood for meat. Instrument makers favor the strong, richly colored wood of the cherry tree. Yew is strong, fine-grained wood used for cabinetmaking and archery bows. Like mahogany, the wood of the iroko is resistant to both rot and insects and bears the "interlocked" grain of many tropical trees. Oak is one of the world's most durable woods. It is used in barrel-making, veneers, and flooring....

Presidential campaign

The 2008 Presidential campaign is heating up and voters are beginning to, if they had not already, become acquainted with the various candidates. From the mood of the country, coupled with the various polls which report in unison, their results, it seems likely that a Democrat will become the next president of the United States. The reason for this has more to do with what the Republicans have failed to do, than what the Democrats can do. The war in Iraq hurt the Republicans in the last midterm election and many believe that the same will be repeated next November. As a result of these findings, three Democratic candidates will be featured. They are Chris Dodd, Barack Obama and Hillary Clinton. The latter two are fighting against each other to become the party's presidential candidate in 2008 and the former, Chris Dodd is fighting to be recognized. In the November 15, 2007 Democratic debate, Dodd spoke the third longest, trailing behind both Obama and Clinton.[1] Unless there is an upset, it seems that the party faithful will have to choose between Obama and Clinton as their nominee. However, one of the aspects which keep the interest of the nation for more than a year, is the predictability of politics and that the nomination is still up for grabs. Chris Dobb is a five time United States Senator from Connecticut. His father was one of the lead prosecutors during the Nuremberg Trials in 1946.[2] The Dodd family has been one of class and privilege in the state of Connecticut for some time. However, this level of financial separation from the middle and lower classes of his state, has not been equated to a level of discontent between Dodd and the people that he represents. What has and will continue to serve as one of the major impediments for Dodd as he attempts to claim the Democratic nomination, is his lack of notoriety outside of Connecticut. Chris Dodd follows in all of the national polls as well as the state polls in Iowa and South Carolina which will be the first two state primaries and are scheduled to be held early next year. A Dodd nomination is a long shot. Barack Obama is another presidential candidate who is trailing in the polls. Despite the fact that he has been endorsed by Oprah Winfrey, perhaps the most powerful woman in America Obama will have to gain   a lot of ground on his chief rival, Hillary Clinton is he hopes to gain his party's nomination. Obama trails Clinton by more than twelve percentage points in both the Iowa and South Carolina races. However, recent flip flops by Clinton, most recently regarding New York Governor Eliot Spitzer's plan to give drivers licenses to illegal immigrants in which Clinton expressed both her support and disagreement with the plan, seemingly at the same time, people are labeling Clinton as one who panders to popular opinion instead of possessing hard fought convictions. Obama represents all those who have felt as though they have been left out of the political process. This is why among 18-24 year olds, less than 15% are expected to vote in either the general or presidential elections.[3] Obama’s youth as well as his diverse ethnicity will both help and hurt him as he attempts to become the first biracial president in American History. Obama is beloved in Illinois and in the Chicago area where he served as a state senator for a number of years. It also does not hurt that Obama is photogenic and energetic as well. Even his critics cannot help but state that barrack Obama is a gifted speaker and politician. It also does not hurt that Obama's campaign has deep pockets and trailed only the Clinton campaign in the money that it raised during the first half of 2007. Obama raised $58 million.[4] It has become a necessary evil in today's political atmosphere, that only those viable candidates who can raise the money, will have the opportunity to stay in the race. Republican hopeful, Mike Huckabee has already bowed out of the presidential race for that same impediment; not enough money. It does not seem that Obama will have that problem. His problem lies in being able to win over skeptics who doubt that a one term U.S Senator possesses the necessary experience to run a country. Also, it cannot be ignored that Obama's race might also serve as an impediment as well as some will decide that America is not ready for a president of partial African descent. One would hope that in a meritocracy such as the United States claims to be, one will â€Å"not be judged by the color of one's skin but by the content of their character†[5] as martin Luther King dreamed might be the reality one day in America. It is this level of discontent with old party politics, both within the Republican and Democratic Party, that Obama has received so much excitement. Obama is a new type of politician and it is that freshness that he brings to an old institution that has helped to bring so much attention to his campaign. Obama is a junior United States Senator from Illinois with the least amount of experience among all of the presidential candidates. However, Obama has attracted the attention and incited the passions of America's youth to such a degree not seen since the McGovern Campaign of 1972 and before that, the 1960 campaign of John F. Kennedy.[6] Whether or not Obama can help millions of American youth, previously apathetic towards politics, to incite a passion for politics and the opportunity to make a positive change in America, remains to be seen. The front runner to receive the Democratic party's nomination for President of the United States is Hillary Clinton. Clinton is both beloved and hated by Americans. There are few candidates, in both the Republican and democratic parties, which command such attention as does Hillary Clinton. A junior Senator from the state of New York, Hillary Clinton is no stranger to politics. This has been especially true since her husband, Bill Clinton was president from 1993 until 2001 and had he been allowed to run for a third term, many believe, he would have easily won. Clinton has the most money, the best connections and the most experience compared to the rest of the presidential candidates within the executive Branch. The fact that her failed attempt to reform health care in the early 1990's is still being brought up has not helped. However, Hillary Clinton is still the person to beat. It should have been no surprise at the latest Democratic debate on November 15, 2007, that her record was the one that was attacked the most.[7] The polls show and the candidates have   concurred, Hillary Clinton is the person to beat. Some have said that the fact that Hillary Clinton is married to former President Bill Clinton will serve as an impediment to her goal of becoming President. Mr. Clinton's latest comments in which he seemingly attempted to exclude the past mistakes of his wife by playing the victim, has not been met with positive reactions and has actually hurt Mrs. Clinton in the polls. having said that, Bill Clinton serves as a huge positive force within the Clinton campaign. Within those who identify themselves as Democrats and perhaps a few republicans who keep their fondness for the Clintons a secret, many wish for a return to the days of the Clinton White House. The Constitution bars anyone from seeking a third term. The next best thing is to elect the wife of Bill Clinton. This certainly does not mean that Senator Clinton does not have the ability to stand alone on her own two feet and when she plays down the role that her husband would have if she were to become the next president, is believable, the fact that she is married to Bill Clinton, has and will continue to serve as a huge boost for the Clinton campaign. Despite the numerous shady deals and repeated sexual indiscretions, the country still has a love affair for Bill Clinton. This is made truer by the disgust and sheer hatred that many democrats have for current President George W. Bush whose mistakes only make Democrats long for the Clinton White House even more. The 2008 Presidential Election is one of the most important ever seen in American political history. The future of Iraq, universal health care, welfare and immigration reform, are dependent upon who is in the White House as well as what party dominates the houses of Congress. A clean Democratic sweep will have a direct affect upon all of the aforementioned issues. The result of the Iowa and South Carolina primaries are heavily anticipated. An upset in either primary will have a great influence in perhaps rewriting part of this survey on the current status of the Democratic Presidential Nomination. Exactly who will win the Democratic Presidential nomination, as well as their bid for the White House is still in the open. However, the smart money, for those who gamble, will still have to go with Hillary Clinton. The fact that there still remains to be seen, a Republican front runner who is actually a conservative, only serves to help the Democrats and their current top dog: Senator Hillary Clinton. However, for those who believe that reality is stranger than fiction, it would behoove them to pay close attention to the political process which accompanies our selection for the next president of the United States. Surprises are sure to follow. WORKS CITED Clinton, Hillary Living History New York: Simon & Schuster 2003 Gerth, Jeff   Her Way: The Hopes & Ambitions of Hillary Rodam Clinton   New York: Simon & Schuster 2005 Jackson, David   Obama, Edwards Comes Out Firing Against Clinton   USA Today November 16, 2007 Myers, Joan Obama Announces Candidacy Chicago Tribune February 11, 2007 Page, Clarence Opponents Cite Obama's Lack of Experience Chicago Tribune   July 18, 2007 Biography on Chris Dodd   www.chrisdodd,com   Retrieved November 16, 2007 [1] Jackson, David   Obama, Edwards Comes Out Firing Against Clinton   USA Today November 16, 2007 [2] Biography on Chris Dodd   www.chrisdodd.com   Retrieved November 16, 2007 [3] Gerth, Jeff   Her Way: The Hopes & Ambitions of Hillary Rodam Clinton   New York: Simon & Schuster 2005 [4] Jackson, David   Obama, Edwards Comes Out Firing Against Clinton   USA Today November 16, 2007 [5] Page, Clarence Opponents Cite Obama's Lack of Experience Chicago Tribune   July 18, 2007 [6] Page, Clarence Opponents Cite Obama's Lack of Experience Chicago Tribune   July 18, 2007 [7] Jackson, David   Obama, Edwards Comes Out Firing Against Clinton   USA Today November 16, 2007   

Justive vs. Injustice in Mad Shadows Essay

1.1 â€Å"Her mother Louise, who was rich and owned many farms, gave her daughter all the most menial chores in order to devote her life and her remaining youth to Patrice† (Blais 16) Shuns daughter because of her ugly appearance 1.2 â€Å"Exasperated, she swallowed her fury, her heart crying out for justice. But rebellion gave her strength and her hands grew sharp as knives.† (Blais 19) Used to injustice, sharp hands – cut bread – religious imagery. 1.2 â€Å"Crushed and humiliated for so long, Isabelle-Marie experienced pleasure as a kind of delirium, an emotion which consumed both flesh and blood: love of the earth, love in the face of ingratitude.† (Blais 19) Lack of justice Returns to reality from the day Denied of self-realization or any sense of true rebirth 1.2 † ‘I have decided to take a trip. I would like to discuss the latest farm equipment with some friends. You see, with fewer workers and more†¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Isabelle-Marie listened, frigid and unresponsive.† (Blais 22) I-M getting kicked out of the place she belongs, the farms, by the equipment bought by Louise 1.3 â€Å"At other times, in delirium, he would go out and run around the garden like a madman. He held out his arms and raced towards the lake, where he plunged his feverish face and his whole famished body into the water.† (Blais 25) Water: forgiveness, comfort – narcissism Lives off the land 1.5 â€Å"He felt a strange contempt, half-masculine, half-childish, and his dilated nostrils made his mask of pride into a mask of rebellion.† (Blais 37) Hate for Lanz, wants to rebel, injustice against him 2.1 â€Å"Louise’s hand clutched the frail shoulder. Her nails pierced the skin. All her contempt for her daughter spurted like pus from her fingernails.† (Blais 59) Louise hurts her daughter to know what happened to Patrice 2.8 â€Å"Before her stood Patrice, always Patrice, the one who was admired, understood, the Idiot! The uglier she felt, the more crushed and humiliated, the more she thought about destroying her brother’s unjust beauty.† (Blais 84) Jealous of Patrice’s beauty and how that helps him in his life Foreshadows revenge 4.2 â€Å"Frightened by this new tone of voice, the child kneeled in front of Louise.† (Blais 104) Not her fault, yet is chastised for it 4.2 â€Å"Mother, ever since I was a child you adored Patrice because he was beautiful and hated me, the ugly one. †¦ Did you think I had no feelings just because I was ugly?†

Locomotor Repsonse of Flesh Fly essays

Locomotor Repsonse of Flesh Fly essays Locomotor Behavior of Sarcophaga bullata in response to various light stimuli The species Sarcophaga bullata (flesh fly) is from the Kingdom Animalia, Phylum Arthropoda and Class Insecta. Flesh flies live all over the world, generally in warm, moist climates. The flesh fly goes through the process of complete metamorphosis that consists of four stages: egg, larva (=maggot), pupa, to adult in about eight days. Through these different stages of metamorphosis the flesh fly is a parasite and a self-sustaining organism until it reaches full maturity. The job for the fly is then to disperse the species and reproduce. Flesh flies can be both pests and important aspects to human lives. They help in biological research and in criminal investigations but they also carry diseases that can harm humans. The locomotor response is greatly dependent on inherited behavior also known as innate behavior. This means that the stimulus appears to trigger a fixed response that does not vary according to the previous experience of the organism, commonly found in invertebrates. Two terms, taxis and kinesis can describe innate locomotor responses. Taxis is an automatic movement directly toward or away from a stimulus. Kinesis is random movement, caused by a stimulus but not necessarily oriented by it. The ability for a flesh fly to reproduce is greatly dependent on light and temperature. Flesh flies are dependent on light and temperature. They completely develop before the food supply is exhausted; the rate at which the flesh flies develop is one of the most important factors in determining both the survival and reproductive success of the flesh fly larvae. Warm, long days and lots of sunlight increases the rate at which larvae develop into pupae and most successively into adult flies. The female flesh fly deposits the living larvae into decaying flesh of dead animals or feces. This is the stage where they are specialized for feeding and ...

Important Phrases for English Phone Conversations

Important Phrases for English Phone Conversations Telephoning in English includes learning a number of special phrases, as well as focusing on listening skills. Some of the most important phrases include how to answer the phone, how to ask for others, how to connect, and how to take messages.   Introducing Yourself Here are a few ways to informally introduce yourself on the telephone: This is Ken.Hello, Ken speaking If youd like to reply more formally, use your full name. This is Jennifer Smith speaking.Hello, Jennifer Smith speaking. If you are answering for a business, just state the business name. In this case, its common to ask how you can help: Good morning, Thomson Company. How may I help you?Plumbers Insurance. How can I be of service today? British / American Difference Hello, this is KenBrighton 0987654 The first example response is in American English and the second is in  British English. As you can see there are differences in both forms. The telephone articles include both  British and American English, as well as phrases that are common to both forms. In  American English, we answer the phone stating This is ... In British English, its common to answer the phone by stating the telephone number. The phrase This is ... is used only on the telephone to substitute the phrase My name is ... which is not used to answer the telephone. Asking Who Is on the Telephone Sometimes, youll need to find out who is calling. Ask them politely for this information: Excuse me, who is this?May (Can) I ask who is calling, please? Asking for Someone At other times, youll need to speak to someone else. This is especially true when you telephone a business. Here are some examples: Can I have extension 321? (extensions are internal numbers at a company)Could I speak to...? (Can I - more informal / May I - more formal)Is Jack in? (informal idiom meaning: Is Jack in the office? Connecting Someone If you answer the phone, you might need to connect the caller to someone at your business. Here are some useful phrases: Ill put you through (put through - phrasal verb meaning connect)Can you hold the line? Can you hold on a moment? When Someone Is Not Available These phrases can be used to express that someone is not available  to speak on the telephone. Im afraid ... is not available at the momentThe line is busy... (when the extension requested is being used)Mr. Jackson isnt in... Mr. Jackson is out at the moment... Taking a Message If someone isnt available, you might want to take a message to help the caller.   Could (Can, May) I take a message?Could (Can, May) I tell him who is calling?Would you like to leave a message? Continue practicing your skills by using the  practical exercises  below which include information on leaving messages on the telephone, how to ask  native speakers  to slow down, role plays on the telephone and more. Practice With a Role Play Begin by learning important telephone English with the dialogue below. Here is a short telephone conversation with some of the key phrases: Operator: Hello, Frank and Brothers, How can I help you?Peter: This is Peter Jackson. Can I have extension 3421?Operator: Certainly, hold on a minute, Ill put you through... Frank: Bob Petersons office, Frank speaking.Peter: This is Peter Jackson calling, is Bob in? Frank: Im afraid hes out at the moment. Can I take a message?Peter: Yes, Could you ask him to call me at ... I need to talk to him about the Nuovo line, its urgent. Frank: Could you repeat the number please?Peter: Yes, thats ..., and this is Peter Jackson. Frank: Thank you Mr. Jackson, Ill make sure Bob gets this asap.Peter: Thanks, bye. Frank: Bye. As you can see, the language is rather informal and there are some important differences from face-to-face conversational English.

Term paper_INB 5807 - Foundations of Global Business Article

Term paper_INB 5807 - Foundations of Global Business - Article Example This paper seeks to evaluate institutional environments of Turkey as a developing nation, and those of Germany as a developed country, and critically analyze how these environments impact stability and development of these countries. Political Environment Germany is a federal republican economy with republican form of government where there is division of powers between the federal government and the government of individual subdivisions. Turkey on the other hand has the parliamentary system of democratic governance where the executive derives its democratic legitimacy and is held accountable to the parliament/ legislature and legitimacy regarded on the will of the citizens. These kind of political institutions have the executive arms of the government as ceremonial with much accountability based on the legitimacy of the legislature with which activities of the government are shared with majority in the legislature. ... ls of governments with regular checks on the legitimacy of the executive by other branches of the government which helps to promote accountability and transparency (Weatherly & Otter, 2011). Stability in both countries can be traced on their legal systems and the provisions of representations in that for instance, Germany practices civil law system with many fundamental matters of administrative law being left in the hands of the states with the penal system aimed towards rehabilitation of the criminal and protection of the general public. Stability on the other hand can be traced in Turkey’s universal suffrage form of election and representation and continued efforts by government and international organizations to enhance observance of human rights which promotes development in the long run. Economic Environment Germany has a social market economy; capitalism combined with social policies that favor union bargaining and social insurance, coordinated by highly skilled labor f orce and levels of innovations, and higher capital stock and strict levels of management. Turkey on the other hand has a private and a more market based economic system where investment, production and distribution decision are broadly defined by market forces of demand and supply; with prices determined by these market forces. Unlike in social market economy where Rhine capitalism; where finance is more dominated by banks instead of stock exchanges, market model primarily depend on the willingness of the parties to transact. The social and economic/ financial institutions in a Rhine model enhance a well-adjusted balance of power between shareholders and managers, partnerships between employers and unions, regulated markets and shred relationships between banks and companies, and shared values

Learning to Accept the Controversial Issues Essay

Learning to Accept the Controversial Issues - Essay Example With the vast technological growth and advancement in the telecommunications sector, people of today get to experience so many innovative discoveries never before availed. One might not be able to imagine a world without cell phones or the internet, of social networking or being perennially tuned to tunes and gadgets that keep on being upgraded to the level. The same-sex union had previously been unorthodox from my personal perspective, simply because of firsthand experience – my biological mother chose another female for a lifelong partner. My mom took Dinah as her partner when I was eight. I also have an adopted sister named Isabella who we came to our home about three years ago. It was very difficult and embarrassing for me to be around with my family due to the unconventional arrangements. I remembered trying desperately to avoid discussions prying on my family life. I made endless excuses when friends want to hang out at home: I have to make errands, I would be suddenly i nvited to a neighbor’s night out, I was not able to sleep well due to the neighbor’s howling Labrador. The list was endless and I got to be so inventive that I thought my friends actually enjoyed finding out what my next excuse would be. One time, I remembered working on an academic project that required researching on homosexuality and same-sex marriage. I found out how children of same-sex partners were not to be affected at all by the unusual arrangement since the affection and support received from them are actually the same as what heterosexual partners give. Reflecting on this, I realized that the holistic support provided by my ‘parents’ have been exceptional so far and that there really is nothing to be ashamed of. Over time, I began to start accepting my family life and started opening up to others about it. I started bringing my closest friends one at a time at home and felt immensely relieved that they did not see anything wrong with the relationship. I was just apparently too sensitive about it – making a mountain out of a molehill.     

Gdel's Work in Set Theory Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Gdel's Work in Set Theory - Case Study Example In his Logical Journey, Wings publications indicate that GÃ ¶del’s works began in 1930 when he started studying the consistency problems of classical analysis (Wang, 1996). At the time, there had been no rigorous justifications and explanations on the rigorous mathematics (Feferman, et al., 2003, p. 339). This study got its motivation from Hilbert’s works. Hilbert had been working towards the provision of a directly consistent analysis of the finitary methods. The problems that this work had formed the driving force to his study. Through this, GÃ ¶del’s wanted to prove the constancy of number theory by a finitary numeral theory (Barbara, et al., 1990). He also wanted to prove the dependability of analysis by number theory. He represented real numbers by the predicates in number theory. In so doing, he found out that he had to use the truth concept in order to verify the axioms of the analysis. He came with an enumeration of symbols, sentences, and verifications within the specified order. In so doing, he discovered that the impression of arithmetic truth cannot be given a defined form in arithmetic. He observed that if a way to define the truth within a system existed, it would lead to a liar paradox (Rahman, et al., 2008). This would show that the system is inconsistent with what is being studied. These arguments were later formalized so that they bring meaning to the existence of undecidable propositions without quoting any individual occurrences. It is observable that GÃ ¶del tried to reduce the c onsistency problem to that of arithmetic for ease of solving. At this point, he temporarily changed the direction with the aim of intruding another element. The element would prove an illumination solution to Liar Paradox (Winterburn, 2012, p. 47). This appeared to require the truth definition for the arithmetic. This, in turn, resulted to paradoxes, like the Liar paradox to mean that the sentence is a false one. GÃ ¶del then discerned paradoxes of this form would not necessarily come in existence if the truth were to be replaced with probability.

PETRONAS Company Overview and Analysis

PETRONAS Company Overview and Analysis PETRONAS is the short for Petroliam National Berhad. As an incorporated company, it was founded on the 17th of August 1974. It was wholly owned and controlled by the government of Malaysia. PETRONAS has ventured into more than 32 countries including Argentina, Russia and Egypt. It currently employs over 30, 000 employees of 38 nationalities. PETRONAS has involved in the entire petroleum activities. From managing the sharing contractors of the foreign production, it has been changed into developing its own capabilities in the upstream sector allow it to take the lead in the exploration and production of the nations oil and gas resources. Vested with the entire oil and gas resources in Malaysia, PETRONAS is entrusted by the government to develop and add value to these resources. Besides that, it also ventured into downstream activities. It seeks to maximize value creation and strengthen of its operations all the way down the value chain. The range downstream activities of PETRONAS includes oil refining, gas processing and liquefaction, gas transmission pipeline operations, petrochemical manufacturing and marketing, property investment, shipping, marketing of liquefied natural gas, marketing and distribution of petroleum products, and trading. Internal Environment There is a high level of interdependence between an organization and its internal environment. The internal environment comprises elements that have a direct influence on the operations of the organization. They have an impact on the achievement of the organizations goals. The Micro forces of the environment are: Vision and Mission PETRONAS is a big organization and a corporation which is widely known to the world as a company that exports Malaysian oil. Being a big organization, PETRONAS has its very own vision and mission to achieve its common goal and to serve its customers the best service they can provide. As we all know vision is a long-term plan that exists in almost every company or organization. PETRONASs vision statement is to be a leading oil and gas multinational of choice. It is hoping to become a worldwide known organization and also the first choice among all other oil companies present so far. PETRONAS mission statements, on the other hand, are as follows: We are a business entity. Petroleum is our core business. Our primary responsibility is to develop and add value to this national resource. Our objective is to contribute to the well-being of the people and the nation. (PETRONAS, 2010) The mission and vision PETRONAS believes has made it grows tremendously since it was incorporated in the month of August on the 17th in the year 1974. It is now a fully-integrated oil and gas corporation which is ranked among FORTUNE Global 500s largest corporation in the world. Organizational structure Organizational structure is the internal, formal framework of a business that shows the way in which management is linked together and how authority is transmitted. (Stimpson, 2006) PETRONAS adopts the functional organization structure. It enables specialization and allowing its employees to focus on their respective areas. There is cross functional bonds between the respective divisions and departments. It is the bond and process of specialization that has led to the success of the organization. Team work is encouraged, all the departments work together to achieve the companys goals and targets. This has proved to rewarding for the organization as a whole and the employees, customers, suppliers and the community as a whole. The line of authority is clearly drawn, orders are sent from the top most level, the president and the CEO. PETRONAS has also hired consultants to improve business and organization results. Functional Strategies Corporate Planning and development division This division plans long term and short term business strategies which lead to the development of the organization. Education division This division undertakes the responsibility of all the educational activities associated with PETRONAS. It involves the scholarships provided by University Technology PETRONAS and the education programs provided to the underserved community. Finance division The Finance division provides the company with its accounting and financial reporting backbone of the company. Its role is to identify financial sources to finance the operations of the company and to locate profitable areas where the business can invest their money to get higher returns. PETRONAS is involved in the sports world through its investment with Mercedes F1team. It has also contributed towards the development of Turkmenistan economy, by investing US dollar $ 1.8 billion in the oil and gas industries. Technical Services division This division is set up to drive and manage the technological activities of PETRONAS. Human Resource division The most important function of the human resource department is recruitment, selection and training of employees among others. PETRONAS selects the best and brightest of employees through talent searches amongst local and overseas graduate. PETRONAS trains and molds its own employees through technical training and innovative program provided in University Technology PETRONAS. Shareholders Shareholders of a firm can directly influence its policies and activities. PETRONAS shareholder is the government. It generates income and value for its shareholder. PETRONAS gave the government RM 52.3 billion from its RM86.8 billion pre-tax profit, in the form royalty, dividends, corporate tax, income tax and export duty. PETRONAS provides shareholders with the opportunity to gain first hand exposure on the Companys operations by organizing several visits to its Gas Processing Plants. Such two-way communication increases corporate transparency and helps shareholders take a longer term view of their investment based on a better understanding of the companys corporate strategy and operation. PETRONAS recognizes the importance of timely and equal dissemination of information to shareholders. Therefore they arrange the Annual General Meeting (AGM) which is a crucial mechanism in shareholders communication. Employees PETRONAS must be committed to enhancing the capability of its employees, as a corporation is only as good as the people who work for it. This phrase is from PETRONAS mission statement. Employees are the most important asset of an organization, since it is the dedication, motivation and skills of an employee that make a business successful. PETRONAS highly values its employees and understands the importance of their motivation. Therefore it arranges various programmes to encourage and support its employees by involving them in voluntary work. Programmes such as Sentuhan Kasih and Jalinan Insan allow their employees to contribute to homes for disadvantaged children and orphans in the areas of their operations. These programmes provide the employees with job satisfaction, which in return highly motivates them to perform better. Community Lord Holme and Richard Watts used the following definition. Corporate Social Responsibility is the continuing commitment by business to behave ethically and contribute to economic development while improving the quality of life of the workforce and their families as well as of the local community and society at large The culture now is to be generous by giving back to the community. Therefore organizations have certain responsibility towards the community they work in. PETRONAS is a responsible citizen of the community, thus is has successfully imitated and supported various social, environmental and community projects. PETRONAS and Education PETRONAS is committed is developing the people and they operate in by providing education particularly in the field on science and technology. They are determined to create a skilled human resource base for Malaysia through various schemes. Scholarships University technology PETRONAS (UTP) provides hands on technical training and innovative programs to help employees build skills and competencies. PETROSAINS provides a rich and motivating environment for the public to acquire knowledge about science and technology. PETRONAS benefits from this program since they are molding their own workforce, by educating them in standards which are important to PETRONAS. PETRONAS and Environment PETRONAS recognizes the importance of conserving biological diversity in order to ensure people, animals and plants. Therefore they developed the KUALA LUMPUR CITY CENTRE (KLCC) PARK, to balance the challenging demands of growing urban populations, with the environmental conservation. A much needed public park and green lung for the city of Kuala Lumpur. External Environment External environment refers to the factors that happen outside the business which cannot be controlled by the business. These factors will influence the internal functions of the business and its strategies to adapt itself to the changing environment. Political Environment The Malaysian government chose to create a state company, rather than using taxes, production limits, leasing, or other familiar instruments of supervision. The government sought to assert national rights over the use of the countrys resources. A state company, having both supervisory powers over the majors and production activities of its own, was a workable compromise between allowing the majors full rein and excluding them, along with their capital and expertise, altogether. PETRONAS is given full trust by Malaysia government to conduct business independently from the government. Government holds 100% of PETRONAS and formulates and implements energy policies including oil gas. The company cooperates with the government for the common purpose to develop the country to achieve the level of advanced countries. Regarding the relationship between PETRONAS and the government, one executive in the company said, There is a world, especially in the Third World, where only the government and the government (GG) can open the first door. He claimed that there is the world which does not function well with the absence of mutual trust between the government and the national oil company. Legal Environment Legal concepts, principles and issues are affecting everyday business decisions of all organizations. PETRONAS is a multinational organization. Therefore the company is subjected to laws in all of its host countries. Petroleum Development Act 1974 To regulate the oil and gas industry to achieve Malaysias economic development needs, Petroleum Development Act 1974 was formulated, and PETRONAS was established under this act. Through this act, PETRONAS owns the exclusive right of ownership, exploration and production of petroleum and gas. Under the direct purview of Malaysias Prime Minister, PETRONAS is responsible for its planning, investment and regulation of all up-stream activities. Government Taxation PETRONAS is liable to pay to the Federal and State Government in terms of dividends, taxes, export duties and royalties. In the year of 2009, PETRONAS has paid RM 30.0 billion as dividends, RM20.3 billion as income tax, RM 9.1 billion as corporate income tax, RM 2.2 billion as export duties and RM 6.2 billion as royalties to the government (PETRONAS: Media Release, 2009). Laws Regarding Employee Benefits On the other hand, nearly all government pass laws to control recruitment, employment, minimum wages, health and safety at work, and trade union rights of employees. One of its aims is to protect the workers from any kind of physical injuries. It requires the working environment in PETRONAS to be safe with adequate equipment and sanitation. However, these requirements usually add up to the business cost. Consumer Rights In addition, PETRONAS has to protect consumer rights. The Consumer rights seek to protect the rights and interest of consumers, as well as to prevent them from receiving products that do not reach a reasonable level of safety. PETRONAS sternly practices this as to ensure maximum popularity amongst other oil and gas company as well as looking after customer satisfaction. Economical Environment Economical environment refers to the collective of the nature of economic system in the country. It would affect a business in terms of recession, interest rates, exchange rates and global economic factors. Recession Recession is the process when values of goods and services decline in an economy. It results in the fall of demand for certain products, as income is reduced. To keep the demand on going, the prices of products are lowered. According to an article by Jane Lee in 2009, net income of PETRONAS in the year ended March 31 dropped 14%. It was its first annual profit decline in 7 years due to sapped energy demand in global recession and high production cost. Interest rates During inflation, there will be increase in the supply of money associated to the amount of goods available. This will result in a rise in prices of goods and services in the economy over a period of time. For PETRONAS, the high interest rates and fall of purchasing power would consequently affect the cash flow of the organization. Oil Price Oil Price has strong relationship with PETRONAS sales performance. When oil price in Malaysia increase, its sales will strongly increase, and when oil price in Malaysia decrease, its sales also decrease. Technological Environment In order to adapt itself to the rapid growing technological environment, an organization has to be versatile and recognises the value of technology to its business growth. PETRONAS is a technology dependent organization that promotes and uses technology vastly for research and development. It pursues the strategic deployment and application of technology to further enhance operational excellence and maximize the potential of its existing assets and emerging opportunities. Technology in Gas Business In the Gas Business, PETRONASs technology emphasizes on mercury management. With the initiatives to remove mercury from raw condensates, the onshore mercury removal system, a technology that is among the first in the world, has been installed at PETRONAS Onshore Gas Terminal in Kertih. This system is able to treat raw condensates at the terminal, to improve operational and Health, Safety and Environment (HSE) performance as well as to assure product quality. Technology in Oil Business In the Oil Business, PETRONAS continue to pursue leading edge technologies to enhance its fuels and lubricants businesses. PRIMAX 3, the unleaded petrol, was developed in-house utilizing a superior quality fuel formulation innovated by optimising base fuel properties through the addition of the Sinar G-05 additive (PETRONAS: Oil Business, 2010). While meeting environmental standards, it enhances engine performance and efficiency. In addition, PETRONAS also believes there are opportunities in alternative energy resources and continue to explore the potential of hydrocarbon resources as well as solar energy and bio-fuels. In building a long term and sustainable energy business, the company looks toward Green Technologies to prepare for the future low-carbon economy. These technologies are believed to be providing a strong competitive advantage for PETRONAS to strengthen its position in global business. Competition In any of the industry, there must be competition among organizations. An organization will try to get more customers to buy their product instead of the one offered by the competitors. The success of organizations depends on which one makes the most attractive products at lower prices. The major competitors to PETRONAS are Shell and Caltex. They produce different type and efficiency of petrol. PETRONAS PETRONAS has designed PETRONAS PRIMAX 3 to provide maximum protection and performance for your car. By formulating with unique additive components, PETRONAS PRIMAX 3 efficiently protects the engine against injector fouling and corrosion, reinstating the car to its peak performance to improve fuel economy. Shell However, Shell is the leader in developing high quality fuels. Shell Super with fuel economy formula is specially designed by Shell experts to give you extra miles at no extra cost. It is formulated with Shells Synthetic Viscous Friction Improver, designed to reduce friction in this crucial part of your engine, helping to improve its efficiency. Caltex On the other hand, all Caltex petrols now include technologically-advanced, patented fuel ingredient, Techron ®. Caltex Techron with cleaning agent is unsurpassed at keeping engines clean and cleaning up deposits to help reinstate original performance. It contains powerful detergents which help in removing deposits from fuel injectors intake ports and valves. The key benefits for using Techron ® are improved performance, enhanced reliability, smoother drive, restored fuel economy and lower emissions. Comparing these petrol brands, each of them has its own strengths. They are having a healthy competition in the petrol industry with the same goal to provide the best petrol they could produce. Social Environment Social environment refers to the factors regarding the society as well as the environment. An organization needs to have social responsibilities in order to contribute to the people of the society and to protect natural environment. Social Responsibility on Consumer Many companies are affected by society and vice-versa. For PETRONAS, it was noticed that consumers are the foundation of the entire business, and dissatisfied customer could be a warning signal to the business. Therefore, it has to take care of societal needs and safeguard human rights. For example, it concerns about the safety and health of consumers. It has to make sure that it supplies safe products to the consumers and provides product knowledge via advertisements, as well as ensures product utility and performance as advertised. Social Responsibility on Environment In undertaking its business activities, PETRONAS cares for the environment by adopting responsible environmental management practices in its operations. At the same time, it also contributes to the biodiversity and conservation of the environment for the sake of the community. PETRONAS is taking every practicable and reasonable step to prevent the risk of injuries, health hazards and damages to properties in according to international Health, Safety and Environment standards. It is also investing in community-related initiatives in environmental conservation and urban renewal, both in Malaysia and other countries. These community projects aimed to create sustainable benefit and tangible value to the communities. Conclusion Over the years, PETRONASs unique experience and expertise, coupled with its technical and operational competencies have allowed it to be accepted as the preferred strategic partner by international companies and the host countries. Facing the adverse business and economic environment, PETRONAS is still able to integrate, add value and globalize its operations. These would bring the company towards the realization of its vision to become a Leading Oil and Gas Multinational of Choice. Moving forward, PETRONAS will continue to improve its business performance, strengthen its resilience and enhance its capabilities to confront the challenges in delivering a sustainable energy future for all its stakeholders. Moreover, it will guided by its objective to serve the nation and people with high standards of ethics and integrity, while at the same time maximizing shareholders returns. (3022 words)

Christianity And The Just War Theory Essay -- essays research papers

Does the Just War Theory provide sufficient moral justification for Christians’ involvement in war? The Just War Theory is a set of criteria that are used to judge whether a war is morally justifiable. It was St Augustine in the third century that formulated the Just War theory, and was formalised 10 centuries later by Thomas Aquinas. There are seven criteria by which a war can be judged to be just. Among the rules are Just Cause – there must be a very good reason for going to war, such as protecting your country from invasion. There should be a formal declaration of war by the legal government. It has to be the last resort and all other alternatives must be exhausted. There must be a reasonable chance of success and great care must be taken to avoid injuring civilians. The Just War Theory is still believed today to be the only way that Christians can morally justify war and is often referred to by leaders of Christian countries when they make claims to be fighting a just war. There is widespread ignorance of the details of Just War but there is also much room for different interpretations of the criteria. I personally feel that it depends on each individual situation as one set of rules are not always applicable to all circumstances. In some situations, the causes may seem to be just but not according to the just war theory. A war can only be judged to be just if the criteria are met – not if those involved try very hard to meet them. The aim of the just war is to provid...

Physical and Emotional Burdens Essay

In The Things They Carried, O’Brien talks about multiple different things that the men at war carry. They take things with them that soldiers always have like guns, bags, grenades, ammo, food, water, and things like that, but they also carry personal items like Kiowa’s Bible and moccasins, or Jensen’s vitamins. The men however, have more than just physical items. They have things that always stay with them like emotional and figurative things. Throughout the novel, O’Brien goes back to the theme of things carried, whether that be in necessities, superstitious items, or emotional burdens. O’Brien uses the first chapter to explain, in detail, the physical things that the men carried. He tells of how the men take their, â€Å"compass, maps, code books,† (O’Brien 5) along with â€Å"the M-60, M-16, M-79 – they carried whatever presented itself, or whatever seemed appropriate as a means of killing, or staying alive.† (7). These young men at war put anything that can possibly help them in their bags. Even if it is not necessary for the specific mission they are on, they take these items with them because of their collective fear of the unknown. Their cumbersome, bulky, heavy backpacks and gear weigh on the men physically, and also as shown throughout the book, take a toll on their morale. O’Brien uses this style of writing and the theme as a tool to impress upon his audience just how heavy the burdens of the men really are. The longer they have to carry all these things the worse it got. The physical items that they lug with them are not limited to items issued by their generals. Many of them also carry superstitious things that they think might help throughout the war. Jimmy Cross has his, â€Å"good-luck charm from Martha. It was a simple pebble† (6), and â€Å"Dobbins carried his girlfriend’s pantyhose wrapped around his neck† (9), and Kiowa â€Å"always took along his New Testament and a pair of moccasins† (9). Whether it is to comfort them, or for religious purposes, or just plain superstition, most of them have some sort of personal item that they take along with them. Even though they already have hundreds of pounds of equipment to carry, they still choose to carry these things. This is very justifiable however, because most of these items are something from home, something to remind them of what they have back home, and gives them hope that they will someday return there. Hope is a present theme in The Things They Carried, and is always necessary with men at war, because without hope they would have nothing to fight for and their morale would be gone. The most burdensome of things carried by the men, is the emotional baggage. Throughout the novel, Lieutenant Jimmy Cross carries the emotion of love. This weighs on him an enormously throughout the war because he can never get his mind off of Martha, even though she does not love him back. This causes emotional detachment from the war and from commanding his troops. When Ted Lavender dies, Cross blames himself for not being as focused as he should be because of Martha, and burns her pictures and letters. Even though he no longer physically carries these things, he still emotionally carries them throughout the book because he can never get them out of his mind. Kiowa is another example of one of the soldiers who carries an emotional burden with the tremendous weight of â€Å"his grandmother’s distrust for the white man† (3). This could propose a difficulty to trust his fellow soldiers. All the men carry with them the memories of their fallen friends and fellow soldiers. They find different ways to grieve over the fallen soldiers, but never do forget them. Like O’Brien says, â€Å"The thing about remembering, is that you don’t forget.† (33). These young men fighting for their country in Vietnam are extremely brave. War is a really hard thing for non-soldiers to comprehend when you start to  talk about the stories of what happened when they are just marching around the jungle. But the theme of emotional and physical things carried is heavily shown throughout the book and presents reasoning for why these men did and felt the things they did. Works Cited O’Brien, Tim. The Things They Carried: A Work of Fiction. New York, Boston: Mariner, 2009. Print.

Market Reserach

Unit 3: Introduction to Marketing Nike Market Research Market research helps Nike to make decisions by helping them to understand the changing dynamics of the market. Market research helps Nike understand who their target market are along with its competitors it has and where they differ. It helps Nike to make improvements, change their business plan or change their product. There are 2 types of market research, these are primary and secondary research. Primary Research Primary Research would be research that Nike have conducted first hand, meaning that Nike have done their own research.This could be internally or externally. If Nike was to do internal primary research they would look at things that are within the organisation. Such as their sales figures to see what products are selling well and in which areas, but also to see what products aren’t selling so well so they can try and improve them. They could also look at the customers data held on Nikes central database. This would be good for Nike as they could contact them customers and ask them what they liked about the products and what they didn’t like to give Nike more of an idea on how they can improve.Nike could also conduct external primary research which is doing primary research outside of the organisation. This could include things like questionnaires and surveys. These would also benefit Nike as they could find out more about what people like about their products and what sort of people they are. Interviews and focus groups are also another part of external primary research. These would be good to Nike as they would be able to see peoples’ reactions and find out about their product. Secondary ResearchSecondary Research would be Research that Nike have already done before, or research that another organisation would have conducted. This type or research would also be known as ‘Desk Research’ as it would normally take place at a desk. This could be helpful to Nike as they could look at a survey which the British Markey Research Borrow conduct (BMRB), such as the National Buying Survey so they can see where it is best for them to sell some of their products. Also these surveys help Nike to find out when they should advertise their television adverts and on what channels they should advertise them on.Quantitative Research Quantitative research relates to numbers and figures that can be analysed mathematically and/or be presented graphically. This can include figures and market values, it can also include customer’s responses. In a questionnaire a quantitative question would be one that gives you a series of answers to choose from, then it can be measured. For example 55% of customers like blue Nike trainers. This could be helpful to Nike as they could find out what customers like more and maybe it will tell them whether to change their product or keep them the same.Qualitative Research Qualitative research is the research that is subjectiv e and normally open ended. It often involves interviews or focus groups with customers. It results in a wide range of answers which reflect people’s personal experiences and feelings. Qualitative helps Nike investigate customer preferences. Nike could use qualitative research to help them see what people think about their products and their brand. It can also help them see how customers would react to changes in price and products.